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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
E. Ascasíbar, C. Alejaldre, J. Alonso, F. De Aragón, R. Balbín, B. Brañas, E. De La Cal, F. Castejón, J. Castrejón, G. Catalán, J.R. Cepero, T. Estrada, R. Fernández, M. Francés, J. De La Gama, L. García Gonzalo, I. García Cortés, G. Gómez, J. Guasp, J. Herranz, C. Hidalgo, J.A. Jiménez Aparicio, A. Jiménez Dcnche, V. Krivenski, I. Labrador, F. Lapayese, M. Liniers, A. López-Fraguas, J. López Rázola, A. López Sánchez, E. De La Luna, R. Martín García, E. Martín Roquero, L.M. Martínez, F. Medina, M. Medrano, B. Ph. Van Milligen, M. A. Ochando, P. Ortiz, L. Pacios, L. Pallás, I. Pastor, M. A. Pedrosa, J. Qin, M.C. Rodríguez Fernández, L. Rodríguez Rodrigo, F. Rufino, A. Salas, L. Sánchez-Cabezudo, A. Sánchez Corpas, E. Sánchez González, J. Sánchez Sanz, C. Sierra, F. Tabarés, D. Tafalla, V. Tribaldos, A. Varias, J. Vega, B. Zurro, L.M. Kovrizhnykh, D. C. Akulina, O. F. Fedyanin, S. Grebenshchikov, N. Kharchev, L.V. Kolik, K.M. Likin, Yu.I. Netchaev, A. Ye. Petrov, K.A. Sarksyan, I. Sbitnikova, N.V. Matveev, B.M. Rassadin, Ye.M. Tai
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 27 | Number 3 | April 1995 | Pages 198-201
Helical Systems | doi.org/10.13182/FST95-A11947068
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In April 1994 first ECRH plasmas (28 GHz, 2nd harmonic) have been produced in the TJ-I U torsatron (R = 0.6 m, <a> = 0.1 m, B(0) = 0.52 T, È(0) = 0.21). In November 1994 a second experimental campaign using a 37.5 GHz gyrotron (B(0) = 0.69 T) has started. The main parameters of the device, the basic characteristics of the heating system and some results concerning magnetic surface mapping and first plasma discharges, are reported.
