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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
K.J. Maynard, N.P. Kherani, W.T. Shmayda
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 28 | Number 3 | October 1995 | Pages 1546-1551
Tritium Waste Management and Discharge Control | Proceedings of the Fifth Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology In Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications Belgirate, Italy May 28-June 3, 1995 | doi.org/10.13182/FST95-A30632
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The nitridation of Zr2Fe has been investigated with respect to its performance as a getter for detritiation of N2 gas streams. At temperatures of 150–550°C, Zr2Fe reacts with N2 at rates dx/dt(in Zr2FeNx) which follow the Arrhenius equation with activation energy Q = 35 kJ/mole. A maximum nitrogen concentration of x = 0.9 has been obtained in this study. In the presence of significant inventory of nitrogen, Zr2Fe remains an effective getter material for detritiation of process streams. As nitrogen inventory in the Zr2Fe increases, the getter performance, as measured by purification factors, is degraded somewhat, leading to a decrease in the maximum usable flow rate of the getter bed.