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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Zap Energy hits 37-million-degree electron temperatures in compact fusion device
Zap Energy announced April 23 that it has reached 1-3 keV plasma electron temperatures—roughly the equivalent of 11 to 37 million degrees Celsius—using its sheared-flow-stabilized Z-pinch approach to fusion. Reaching temperatures above that of the sun’s core (which is 10 million degrees Celsius temperature) is just one hurdle required before any fusion confinement concept can realistically pursue net gain and fusion energy.
M. C. Carroll, G. H. Miley
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 10 | Number 3 | November 1986 | Pages 770-775
Impurity Control | Proceedings of the Seveth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy (Reno, Nevada, June 15–19, 1986) | doi.org/10.13182/FST86-A24833
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A primarily analytical thermal analysis model is presented which allows for calculation of temperatures in fusion reactor first walls. The model utilizes input from plasma physics calculations coupling a 2-1/2 dimensional geometric analysis with a 1-dimensional heat conduction treatment to determine temperature profiles over the surface of and within the first wall. The results are primarily applicable to the steady-state operation of magnetic confinement devices such as tokamaks. Effects of wall geometry, toroidal curvature, and wall corrugation are considered in computing local power loadings from bremsstrahlung, cyclotron radiation, charged particles, and neutrons. Temperature solutions based on these loadings are developed by expanding into a MacLaurin series and utilizing the principle of superposition. A sequential calculation scheme is employed in lieu of traditional matrix methods in determining temperature distributions in composite walls. The model and corresponding solution methods are applied to three illustrative fusion reactor designs. Significant gains in accuracy are indicated over thermal analysis methods previously used.