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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
J. D. Galambos, Y-K. M. Peng, D. T. Blackfield
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 10 | Number 3 | November 1986 | Pages 498-503
The Compact Ignition Tokamak Program | Proceedings of the Seveth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy (Reno, Nevada, June 15–19, 1986) | doi.org/10.13182/FST86-A24795
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Fusion Engineering Design Center (FEDC) Tokamak Systems Code is used to perform trade studies in accordance with the Compact Ignition Tokamak (CIT) physics and engineering guidelines. We examine various toroidal field coil (TFC) configurations, preload levels, and coil materials. Use of Inconel-copper composite material results in the smallest sized devices for both bucked and wedged TFCs and wedged-only TFCs. Preload levels of 23 Mkg are needed for the minimum sized devices, and for the lower strength materials, the minimum size is sensitive to the preload level. Results from these trade studies help lead to the choice of the baseline CIT point at R = 1.25 m and B = 10.4 T.
