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Fusion Science and Technology
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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
K. Lackner
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 54 | Number 4 | November 2008 | Pages 989-993
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST08-A1914
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
To measure the reactor relevance of existing and planned confinement devices, we propose Bta5/4 and Pheata3/4 as dimensionless engineering parameters. These quantities - together with a density parameter that can be written as na3/4/Bt - have to be conserved in plasma physics identity experiments on different-size devices to respect the so-called Kadomtsev similarity constraints. They offer also a coordinate system to map the approach to the reactor regime. Theoretical and semiempirical models can be used in this coordinate space to produce isocontours for different dimensionless physics quantities, like the usual parameters *, *, and , but also for the intensity of collisional coupling, the excess of heating power over the L-H transition threshold, and the ratio of current redistribution to energy confinement time to visualize the distance to the regime of a fusion reactor.