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2024 ANS Annual Conference
June 16–19, 2024
Las Vegas, NV|Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino
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February 2024
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Why should safeguards by design be a global effort?
Jeremy Whitlock
I can’t think of a more exciting time to be working in nuclear, with the diversity of advanced reactor development and increasing global support for nuclear in sustainable energy planning. But we can’t lose sight of the need to plan for efficient international safeguards at the same time.
Global nuclear deployment has been underpinned since 1970 by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), making it a key customer requirement for governments to demonstrate unequivocally that the technology is not being misused for weapons development.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has helped verify this commitment for more than 50 years, but it has never safeguarded many of the advanced reactors (and related fuel cycle processes) being developed today.
Y. Yamaguchi et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 59 | Number 1 | January 2011 | Pages 250-252
doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A11625
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror, Magneto Hydro Dynamic (MHD) stabilization is kept with quadruple minimum-B anchor configuration. In the previous heating experiments, Ion-Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) antenna installed in the central cell was used for the anchor heating. Fast Alfvén wave excited in the central cell is partly converted to the slow wave in the nonaxisymmetric transition region between the central and the anchor cells, and heats ions in the minimum-B well. In order to produce higher performance plasmas in the central cell, the ion heating should be enhanced in the anchor cell. In this study, an experiment is carried out in the anchor cell to heat ions by ICRF waves without mode conversion. A bar-type antenna is installed in the anchor cell. Applied frequency is adjusted to ion-cyclotron resonance frequency in the minimum-B well. By the additional ion heating with the bar-type antenna, remarkable increase in the diamagnetic signal has been observed in the anchor cell. It is confirmed that the additional heating by the bar-type antenna can also keep MHD stabilization.